On October 27, 2023, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) released the End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Prospective Payment System (PPS) Calendar Year (CY) 2024 final rule (CMS-1782-F). The rule finalizes minimal increases to the ESRD PPS base payment rate, estimated to increase overall Medicare payments to ESRD facilities by 2.1%. The rule also finalizes proposals for new add-on payment adjustments, including a Transitional Pediatric ESRD Add-on Payment (TPEAPA). Additionally, the rule finalizes proposals to add, remove and modify several ESRD Quality Incentive Program (QIP) measures and finalizes proposed changes to the ESRD Treatment Choices (ETC) Model to clarify that ETC participants can seek additional administrative review of their performance score. The rule also announces the agency’s decision on one applicant for the Transitional Add-on Payment for New and Innovative Equipment and Supplies (TPNIES).