Current and historic use of western lands often conflict with the habitat requirements and social patterns of grizzlies, wolves, and other large, wide-ranging predators. Moreover, wide-ranging predators frequently move across jurisdictional and ownership boundaries and therefore present special management challenges. The political landscape of the once Wild West is now legally divided and includes intermixed ownership and management by private property owners as well as a dizzying array of local, state, federal, and tribal regulatory actors. This