Alternatively hailed as a bulwark in our nation's war on terrorism and denounced as a descent into a new era of McCarthyism, the Supreme Court's June 21, 2010 decision in Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project could have a significant effect on the efforts of U.S. based humanitarian and peacemaking organizations, particularly those serving in the most volatile regions of the world. Critics of the decision worry that it will have a chilling effect on human rights and peacemaking efforts, rather than simply enhancing the Government's efforts at combating and preventing terrorism.