Marquardt v. Schaffhausen, 941 N.W.2d 715 (Minn. 2020), for example, is a medical malpractice action where Patricia Marquardt suffered a brain injury when she developed an untreated infection after undergoing a knee replacement surgery. Mrs. Marquardt’s trial counsel secured a hardfought and well-deserved verdict against her orthopedic surgeon. After the verdict, the doctor moved for a directed verdict on the grounds that Mrs. Marquardt’s experts lacked foundation to testify as to the cause of her injuries. The district court denied those motions, but the court of appeals reversed and remanded for a new trial on the grounds that the experts were not qualified to testify as to causation.