The vast majority of business enterprises worldwide are “family run”, or purely private entities, where operational management and ownership reside in or are controlled by the same individuals.

On the other hand, often competing alongside these private companies within the same industries, are a relatively small number of “multinationals” – meaning, for the purposes of this guide, large scale (i.e. generally cross-border) enterprises whose business operations are carried out by “professional managers”. These professional managers do not themselves hold a controlling ownership stake in their business.

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