Lending by EU credit institutions is regulated under the EU capital requirements regime. Under Article 4(1)(1) of CRR (Regulation (EU) 575/2013), “credit institutions” include deposit-taking banks as well as large MiFID investment firms which conduct underwriting and dealing on own account in financial instruments. For an EU credit institution to conduct lending activities, it must have the appropriate authorisation under CRD (Directive (EU) 2013/36).
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