The Implications of Implementation Burdens for Title IX Officers and Students Part I: What Evidence Did We Gather? National Survey and Interviews

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[co-authors: Elizabeth Bell*, Daniel Fay**, Emily Boykin**, Jaeyeong Nam**]

In association with ATIXA, we set out to understand current thoughts, perceptions, and emotions underpinning Title IX administrators and their jobs. In this four-part mini-series, we discuss some of our findings throughout the survey and interview process. First, we describe the evidence we gathered from this process to inform our study.

We sent online survey invitations in April 2023 to each Title IX coordinator and deputy Title IX coordinator at public and private four-year colleges in the U.S. (n~4,000). We limited the sample to four-year colleges because two-year colleges and virtual learning campuses are less likely to be residential and thus deal with fewer Title IX issues. We received 465 completed survey responses, of which 316 respondents identified as Title IX coordinators, 100 respondents identified as Deputy Title IX Coordinators (n=100), and the rest were serving in some other supporting role.

We summarize the demographic characteristics of our survey and interview respondents in Table 1 below. Approximately 50% of the respondents had less than two years of experience in their current position, while 28.1% reported had more than five years of experience in their current position. Our survey and interview respondents were predominantly White (61.3% in the survey and 75% in interviews), but we did have all racial groups represented to some extent in the survey. Additionally, 61.1% of survey respondents identified as women, while 17.8% identified as men. The majority of respondents held graduate or professional degrees. Specifically, 40.8% held a master’s degree, 16.9% held a J.D. degree, and 16.8% held a Ph.D. degree.

In the final section of the online survey, we asked about their willingness to participate in follow-up face-to-face interviews. Subsequently, we sent email invitations to 165 respondents who responded yes, and we conducted interviews with 28 participants via Zoom between June 5 and July 19, 2023. The left section of each table presents a demographic breakdown of the interviewees in comparison to the total respondents in the online survey. Broadly, the demographic composition closely resembles that of the online survey.

Table 1. Characteristics of Survey and Interview Respondents
Role Survey Interview
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
Coordinator 316 67 .96% 20 71.43%
Deputy 100 21.51% 6 21.43%
Interim 14 3.01%
No longer 11 2.37% 1 3.57%
Other 24 5.16% 1 3.57%
Year Survey Interview
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
Less than a year 110 23.66% 8 28.57%
1-2 years 125 26.88% 12 42.86%
3-4 years 66 14.19% 3 10.71%
4-5 years 33 7.10%
5 or more years 131 28.17% 5 17.86%
Race Survey Interview
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
White, non-Hispanic/Latino 285 61.29% 21 75.00%
Black or African American 47 10.11% 6 21.43%
Multiracial 14 3.01% 1 3.57%
Hispanic/Latino 13 2.80%
Asian 4 0.86%
American Indian or Alaska Native 3 0.65%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 1 0.22%
Other 4 0.86%
Not answered 94 20.22%
Gender Survey Interview
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
Woman 284 61.08% 16 57.14%
Man 83 17.85% 11 39.29%
Non-binary 3 0.65% 1 3.57%
Transgender Man 1 0.22%
Other 1 0.22%
Not answered 93 20.00%
Education Survey Interview
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
Bachelor’s Degree 27 5.81%
Bachelor’s Degree 190 40.86% 18 64.29%
JD (Law) 79 16.99% 6 21.43%
PhD 78 16.77% 4 14.29%
Not answered 91 19.57%
Institution Control Survey Interview
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
Private not-for-profit 280 60.22% 19 67.86%
Public 169 36.34% 9 32.14%
Private for-profit 13 2.80%
Missing 3 0.65%
Institution Size Survey Interview
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
Under 1,000 57 12.26% 4 14.29%
1,000–4,999 229 49.25% 13 46.43%
5,000–9,999 74 15.91% 4 14.29%
10,000–19,999 51 10.97% 5 17.86%
20,000 and above 49 10.54% 2 7.14%
Other 5 1.80%
Total 465 100.00% 28 100.00%

Tune in for the next installment, where the authors share their findings!

*University of Texas at Austin

*Florida State University

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