The new measures build on sweeping restrictions that the United States introduced in October 2022.

On October 17, 2023 — just over a year after introducing extensive regulations aimed at restricting parties in China from obtaining and manufacturing advanced semiconductors and certain other advanced technologies — the US Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) announced the publication of three new rules. According to BIS, these rules “reinforce” the controls introduced last year and are designed to restrict China’s “ability to both purchase and manufacture certain high-end chips critical for military advantage.” The prohibitions in two of the rules — the Advanced Computing Chips interim final rule (Advanced Chips Rule) and the Semiconductor Manufacturing Equipment interim final rule (SME Rule) — will become effective on November 17, 2023. The third rule added 13 Chinese entities to the BIS Entity List and took effect on October 17, 2023.