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New U.K. digital markets regime

The Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024 will introduce groundbreaking new rules to regulate digital markets in the U.K. It aims to boost competition by controlling the conduct of the largest digital firms,...more

U.K. consumer enforcement overhaul

The Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024 will result in a landmark overhaul of the U.K. consumer protection regime. It will dramatically increase the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA's) enforcement powers...more

U.K. antitrust regime revamp

The Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024 will in the main start to take effect in stages later in 2024 and will bolster the powers of the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) to enforce U.K. antitrust rules....more

U.K. finalizes new consumer antitrust and digital markets regime

The Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024 has finally been enacted. It introduces significant changes to U.K. merger control and antitrust rules, establishes a new consumer protection regime and introduces a...more

UK Almost Triples Spending on Subsidies Since Leaving the European Union

Shearman & Sterling advises on many of the most significant subsidy matters in the UK and European Union. As part of this work, we have seen the increasing role that subsidy has played in the policy choices made by...more

UK Supreme Court Rules that Litigation Funding Agreements are ‘Damages-Based Agreements’

In a decision of major importance for litigation in the UK, the UK Supreme Court has held that litigation funding agreements (“LFAs”) under which a litigation funder receives a percentage of any damages recovered by the...more

The European Court of Justice Resurrects an Old Tool to Tackle Below Threshold Mergers

Overview - - The European Court of Justice (CJEU) brought back to life an old theory which allows acquisitions, which fall below EU and national merger control thresholds, to be challenged post-completion under abuse of...more

EU Takes Another Big Protectionist Step as New Foreign Subsidies Regulation Comes into Force

The EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation (FSR) entered into force on 12 January 2023. It represents a massive expansion in the European Commission’s power to investigate inward investment to the EU. This new regulation—the first...more

Incentivising Investment in European Renewable Hydrogen Production

The high production costs of renewable hydrogen (RH2) limit its ability to compete with alternative non-renewable fuels and technologies. This is exacerbated by a number of market failures (including failure of carbon pricing...more

Damages Claims in the Competition Appeal Tribunal – Where Have We Come From And Where to Next?

Will 2022 be seen as the year in which the gates finally opened for damages claims in the Competition Appeal Tribunal (CAT)?...more

General Court Decision in Illumina / Grail Vindicates Commission’s Article 22 Referral Policy

Quick Read - - The EU’s jurisdiction to review mergers is no longer linked to notification. This is a big change and sharply reduces parties’ ability to predict antitrust hurdles to closing based on notification thresholds....more

General Court Judgment in Canon – A Victory for Commission Gun-Jumping Enforcement

On 18 May 2022, the European General Court rejected Canon’s appeal against a €28 million fine imposed by the European Commission in 2019 for its breach of EU gun-jumping rules, just a few months after a similar judgment,...more

CMA Merger Control Jurisdiction to be Expanded Further

The U.K. Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) is expected to be granted wider jurisdictional powers for merger control enforcement in legislative proposals mentioned in today’s Queen’s Speech. The powers derive from the...more

Intel v. Commission: Victory for Companies, Loss for Commission

On 26 January 2022 the General Court (GC) issued its latest judgment in the Intel case, faulting fundamental aspects of the Commission’s original decision almost 13 years prior. The judgment’s findings are promising for...more

UK Supreme Court Judgement in Servier Competition Damages Litigation

Holds Findings Made by European Courts Cannot Be Relied on in Different Context in Other Proceedings - On November 6, 2020 the U.K. Supreme Court handed down a judgment relating to the Servier U.K. competition damages...more

The UK National Investment and Security Bill is published

On 11 November 2020, the U.K. Government announced long-awaited and extensive reforms to the U.K. foreign investment regime. The reforms proposed are more significant than anticipated and include a mandatory notification...more

Shearman & Sterling Responds to the EC Market Definition Notice Consultation

In her first speech upon being reappointed as Competition Commissioner, Commissioner Vestager announced that a review would be undertaken of the Commission’s Market Definition Notice (the “Notice”); the consultation on that...more

Navigating Systemic Risk: Protecting Financial Institutions form Avoidable Losses

COVID-19 has acted as an accelerator, bringing into play scenarios which were previously only contingencies and making contingencies of (and requiring planning for) situations which were previously barely imaginable. The debt...more

CMA Signals New Path for UK Clamp Down on Big Tech

On 1 July 2020, the U.K. Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) published a statement outlining a series of regulatory initiatives aimed at Google and Facebook, focussed on digital advertising. This follows the release of...more

7/7/2020  /  Facebook , Google , UK

UK Supreme Court Gives Important Judgment in the Visa/Mastercard ‘Interchange Fee’ Litigation

The U.K. Supreme Court has handed victory to a group of British retailers (the “respondents”) in a long-running dispute with Mastercard and Visa Europe (the “appellants”) finding that the default “multilateral interchange...more

6/24/2020  /  MasterCard , UK , UK Supreme Court , Visas

European Commission Expands Arsenal to Curtail Foreign Subsidies

On June 17, 2020, the European Commission published its highly anticipated White Paper detailing its “anti-subsidy tool,” aimed at rectifying supposed distortions in the EU caused by foreign subsidies. Stakeholders have until...more

The Court’s Quash of the European Commission’s UK Mobile Merger Prohibition Will Have Consequences Far Beyond the Telco Sector

Under the leadership of Margrethe Vestager, the European Commission has taken an increasing interventionist stand across all areas of antitrust enforcement, in particular in merger control. The EU’s General Court dealt that...more

Foreign Investment Review in Europe: Key Considerations for Investors and Latest Developments Prompted by COVID-19

Global foreign direct investment (FDI) amounted to 1,426 billion USD in 2019. In recent years, a number of countries around the world have implemented measures to strengthen their FDI review mechanisms. Undoubtedly, this...more

Competition Litigation Update

The English Courts will continue this year to consider several issues that will shape the future of private damages actions for infringements of competition law....more

5/13/2020  /  Competition , European Commission , UK

Airlines: EU State Aid Rules, Future M&A Considerations and Irish Exposure to Airlines

Although the EU’s introduction of a Temporary Framework has enabled governments to offer extensive State-backed loans, the airline industry needs more than just credit—it will need equity. However, State aid to the aviation...more

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