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Mineral Extraction Contract Terms Mineral Rights

Gray Reed

Choice of Words Matters in an Override Assignment

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The question in Rock River Minerals, LP and Carr v. v. Pioneer Natural Resources, et al.: Did an assignment of overriding royalty interests in Texas oil and gas leases include a depth limitation? No....more

Gray Reed

Is a Merger a “Transfer of Leases”?

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In Texas, no. Read on to learn why. In Nortex Minerals LP v. Blackbeard Operating LLC et al, the question was the meaning of this limited assignment provision in the “Alliance Leases”, oil and gas leases covering 27,000 acres...more

Gray Reed

Duhig Rule Claim is Unsuccessful

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The Duhig Rule is back, this time in Echols Minerals LLC, et al v. Green et al. Framing the discussion, Duhig v. Peavy Moore Lumber Company and Trial v. Dragon - In Duhig the grantor in a general warranty deed...more

Gray Reed

Fifth Circuit Punts Postproduction Cost Question to Louisiana Supreme Court

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The question in Self v, BPX Operating Company is how to balance the Louisiana Civil Code Art 2292 principle of negotiorum gestio against Louisiana’s conservation statutes....more

Gray Reed

Lessee: Don’t Covet Your Neighbor’s Operations

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Can the Texas lessee perpetuate his oil and gas lease by “constructive participation” in wells drilled by another? Under the facts in Cromwell v. Anadarko E&P Onshore, LLC, the answer is no....more

Gray Reed

How to Lose Your Working Interest in 26 Annual Steps

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Can a non-operating working interest in a Texas oil and gas lease be adversely possessed? The Amarillo Court of Appeals said yes in PBEX II, LLC v. Dorchester Minerals, L.P....more

Gray Reed

Texas Supreme Court Rules on Suspension of Proceeds of Oil and Gas Production

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Freeeport-McMoRan Oil and Gas, LLC and Ovintiv USA Inc. v. 1776 Energy Partners LLC  presented a recurring question faced by Texas oil and gas producers:  When can proceeds of production be withheld by the operator without...more

Gray Reed

A Day Made a Difference in This Purchase and Sale Agreement

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And what a difference it was! In Apache Corp. v. Apollo Expl. LLC et al, Apache and others acquired an oil and gas lease on 100,000+ acres in the Texas Panhandle. The primary term was three years. The effective date was...more

Gray Reed

“All Means All” in Construing an Assignment of Leases

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In a recurring theme, harmony and the four-corners rule were front and center in Citation 2002 Inv. LLC et al v. Occidental Permian, Ltd. et al, a case of competing claims over the granting language in an assignment of oil...more

Gray Reed

Reserved Royalty Interest is “Floating”

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Texas courts continue to address the “fixed or floating” non-participating royalty interest question. The El Paso Court of Appeals’ answer in Bridges v. Uhl et al. was floating, based on the language in that particular...more

Gray Reed

Waiting Too Long to Sue For a Working Interest is a Loser

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Delay in filing suit too often spells doom for the plaintiff, as we learn in Zadeck Succession et al v. Treme et al. Treme (as in the family collectively) claimed their father, Vandiver, was conveyed a 5% working...more

Gray Reed

A Harsh Result From a Lopsided Indemnity Agreement

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Wagner v. Exxon Mobil Corporation is an example of the misfortune that can befall the purchaser who assumes the burden of comprehensive, one-sided indemnity obligations. We will disregard evidentiary and other issues in this...more

Gray Reed

Beware Assignor: Own the Leases Before You Reserve the Override

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Let’s begin with a quiz. Armour purchases non-recourse mortgage notes, becoming a lienholder in 99 oil and gas leases and 13 wells; fails to record the transfer documents in the real property records; assigns the leases to...more

Gray Reed

Royalty Obligations on Free-Use Gas Redux

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Recall our recent post on Carl v. Hilcorp Energy Company from the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas discussing the lessee’s royalty obligations on gas used off the premises in a market-value lease. See...more

Gray Reed

Lease Perpetuated Beyond Primary Term Without Production in Paying Quantities

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If perpetuation of a mineral lease beyond the primary term is contingent upon continuous operations, do traditional notions of “production in paying quantities” always matter? Spoiler: No....more

Jones Day

Supreme Court of New South Wales Rules on Mineral Sales Royalties Default

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Default in paying monthly mineral sales royalties leads to an obligation to pay up front the present value of future royalties. A decision (Thalanga Copper Mines Pty Ltd v Cromarty Resources Pty Ltd [2021] NSWSC 640 (4 June...more

Gray Reed

Texas Court Parses Three Retained-Acreage Clauses – Part 1

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PPC Acquisition Co., LLC, et al. v. Delaware Basin Res., LLC, et al. addressed retained acreage clauses in three separate oil and gas leases covering the same 640-acre tract in Reeves County, Texas....more

Gray Reed

Texas Court Evaluates Consent to Assign an Oil and Gas Lease

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In Mayo Found. For Med. Educ. & Research v. BP Am. Prod. Co. a United States District Court considered the circumstances under which a lessor can withhold its consent to assign an oil and gas lease....more

Gray Reed

Lessons from an Operating Agreement Dispute

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Jatex Oil & Gas, L.P. v. Nadel & Gussman Permian, L.L.C. presents several teachable moments: The Texas Property Owner Rule does not allow a non-expert testify on matters requiring expert testimony....more

Gray Reed

When is a “Gross Proceeds” Royalty not Paid on Gross Proceeds?

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Devon Energy Prod. Co., et al. v. Sheppard, et al is your kind of case if you are in search of: - A roadmap for slicing and dicing royalty calculations in myriad ways, - Pretty good summaries of the Supreme Court’s...more

Gray Reed

Terminological Inexactitude

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When Winston Churchill used this phrase in 1906 in his speech to the House of Commons, he probably did not have in mind the construction of language contained in a deed. Nevertheless, terminological inexactitude in drafting a...more

Gray Reed

Spudding? Reworking? What are “Operations” Under an Oil and Gas Lease?

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Quick answer: It depends on what the lease says.  Last week featured a tug-of-war between a producer and the community in which it operates; this week in HJSA No. 3 LP v. Sundown Energy LP  it’s the producer and the lessor....more

Troutman Pepper Locke

Ohio Appellate Court Finds That Coal Mining Entities Are Liable to Pipeline Operator for Preventative Measures to Protect Against...

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Columbia Gas Transmission, LLC v. Ohio Valley Coal Co., 2019 BL 99544 (Ohio Ct. App. Mar. 21, 2019) - Columbia Gas Transmission, LLC (“Columbia”) operated a high-pressure gas pipeline. A portion of pipeline crossed land...more

Gray Reed

An Arbitration Ruling That’s About More Than Arbitration

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In 2016 Ridge contacted the McDaniels (Double Eagle’s predecessors) with an offer to “lease” their mineral interests in Winkler County. The McDaniels informed Ridge about a producing lease from 2004, and were assured that it...more

Gray Reed

Foreclosure Included the Minerals Because the Documents Say So

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In XTO Energy v. EOG Resources, a title dispute over the mineral estate in 1,653 acres in Atascosa and McMullen counties, Texas, the loser tried both, to no avail....more

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