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Business Litigation Contract Terms Business Divorce

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

Did Chancery Court Just Crack Open the Door to Equitable Dissolution of LLCs?

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

Delaware Chancery Court’s contractarian approach to all things LLC, embedded statutorily in Section 18-1101(b) of the Delaware LLC Act (“It is the policy of this chapter to give the maximum effect to the principle of freedom...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

Crossing the Hudson: Recent Business Divorce Decisions from Yonder States

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

Folks who’ve been following this blog for years know that periodically I like to venture beyond New York’s borders to find and report on interesting decisions from other states in business divorce cases....more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

Enforcing the Guardrails on Transactions Involving Interested Directors of Close Corporations

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

In my business divorce practice I deal with many closely held corporations that have only a few or perhaps just two shareholders, each of whom is actively involved in running the business. Within that category are many...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

A Lifeline for the Stale “Schedule A”

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

One need not peruse the pages of this blog for long to learn that its authors strongly advise against entering into an owners’ agreement that calls on the members to “annually” (or worse, “regularly”) update a critical aspect...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

Dissolution Defined: The First Department’s Recent Guidance on Interpreting Operating Agreements

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

The owners’ agreement is the backbone of the closely-held business.  In intracompany LLC disputes, few things are more important than what the operating agreement has to say on the subject.  As a consequence, the pages of...more

Marshall Dennehey

Superior Court: Yes, We Actually Mean Actual Authority for an Actual Settlement of a Civil Case

Marshall Dennehey on

Driscoll and King were partners in a venture operating a restaurant. Their relationship soured, and so as not to sour matters for their customers, they sought to separate amicably. The deal was to be that King would buy out...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

Business Divorce and Restrictive Covenants

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

Closely-held business owner breakups often defy easy categorization. What seem at first blush to be traditional business divorce cases sometimes end up treading far into other legal practice areas. Other disputes blur...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

First Department Recognizes Cause of Action for Specific Performance of LLC Member Voting Agreement

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

In 1941, two of the three shareholders of Ringling Bros.-Barnum & Bailey Combined Shows, Inc. entered into an agreement stating that they would vote their combined 630 of the outstanding 1000 shares of Ringling Bros. stock...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

Scrivener’s Error Keeps Sailboat-Owning LLC Afloat

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

The members of Nite Cap’s owner, Bull-Poet, LLC, recently traded the full sheets and gentle seas of the Hudson for the strum and drang of litigation in New York’s Supreme Court.  But the squall has passed; thanks to New York...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

And a Time to Every Purpose Under . . . the Operating Agreement?

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

It’s a bit of a stretch to suggest that King Solomon prophesied the standard for judicial dissolution of LLCs, but there it is: under New York’s judicially construed standard for involuntary dissolution under Section 702 of...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

The Contract is King: Advancement and Indemnification Under Delaware Law

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

In last week’s New York Business Divorce, we wrote about an important decision from New York’s highest court, Sage Sys., Inc. v Liss (___ NY3d ___, 2022 NY Slip Op 05918 [Ct App Oct. 20, 2022]). In Sage, the Court of Appeals...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

Warning: If You Want Legal Fee Advancement or Indemnification, You May Need to Amend Your Partnership, Shareholder, or Operating...

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

The universe works in mysterious ways. Four days ago, when I sat down to write this article, my plan was to feature a decision from Manhattan Commercial Division Justice Andrea J. Masley denying dismissal of a closely-held...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

Magic Words Still Matter, and Equitable Defenses Can’t Save a “Void” Transfer

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

New York’s default rules regarding LLC members’ rights to transfer their interests appear in sections 603 and 604 of the LLC Law. Section 603 provides that a membership interest is fully assignable, but the assignee does not...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

A Lesson In Drafting Capital Call Provisions

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

Those of us who follow the Delaware Chancery Court’s output are regularly treated to lengthy, detailed, finely crafted opinions sometimes in excess of 100 pages. Opinions of that length from our New York state court judges...more

Bradley Arant Boult Cummings LLP

Avoiding the Pitfalls of Assigning an Interest in an LLC

One of the goals in a business divorce is finality – ending a business relationship once and for all. But what if the end isn’t really the end?...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

The Operating Agreement Controls, Unless Public Policy Says Otherwise

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

Two principles often guide courts’ interpretation and enforcement of contracts.  First, courts respect parties’ freedom of contract, mostly.  So long as an agreement is not illegal or violative of a strong public policy,...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

A Two-Act Play of LLC Default Rules and Manager Removal

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

“Except as provided in the operating agreement. . . ” - By my count, this phrase and its close relative, “unless otherwise provided in the operating agreement,” appear 59 times in New York’s LLC Law, most often to...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

The Skinny on Arbitrability of Judicial Dissolution Claims

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

Are claims for judicial dissolution of business entities arbitrable? - It’s a question I’m occasionally asked by business owners and, surprisingly, by lawyers. I say surprisingly because here in New York, the courts long...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

Disguised Agreements and Dissolution

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

Appearances can be deceiving. - That, essentially, was the argument made in two recently decided cases involving claims for judicial dissolution. ...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

Cooked or Raw? Enforceability of Partly Signed Operating Agreements

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

The harried realities of modern life are such that business entity organizational documents, like LLC operating agreements, sometimes do not get drafted or executed until long after the entity’s initial formation with the...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

Too Little, Too Late: Court Sides with Ousted Member, but Denies Preliminary Injunction Undoing Termination

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

We often cover preliminary injunctions on the pages of this blog because they are a powerful tool in the business divorce litigator’s toolbox: they force court action early in the case, they can protect rights that are...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

Court Cancels Capital Call For Want of a Postage Stamp

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

Who says email is more efficient and cheaper than regular mail? - Not the manager of the McGuire family real estate business after winning a lower court ruling only to see it reversed on appeal last month in a decision...more

Gray Reed

Villareal v. Saenz: Fiduciary Duties Will Go On

Gray Reed on

In Villareal v. Saenz, a district court magistrate judge for the Western District of Texas, San Antonio Division, has recognized that members exiting a limited liability company may continue to hold fiduciary duties despite...more

Winstead PC

Litigating Minority Shareholder Rights - Presentation

Winstead PC on

David F. Johnson presented his paper “Business Divorce: Minority Shareholder Rights In Texas” to the State Bar of Texas’s Business Disputes Course on September 2-3, 2021. This presentation addressed shareholder oppression...more

Farrell Fritz, P.C.

When It Comes to Transfers of Ownership Interests, Where There’s a Will There’s Not Always a Way

Farrell Fritz, P.C. on

My partner Frank McRoberts recently posted about two New York cases, one involving an LLC and the other a close corporation, in which the courts resolved conflicts between, on the one hand, provision in the...more

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