News & Analysis as of

Terms of Service

ArentFox Schiff

No Assent, No Agreement: Establish Clear, Unambiguous Assent to Bind Consumers to Online Agreements

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A clear, well-written terms of use agreement is essential for e-commerce sellers and online service providers seeking to manage the risk of litigation through provisions such as arbitration clauses and class action waivers....more

Kilpatrick

California federal court denies motion to compel arbitration because checkout page lacked a sufficient prompt accompanying Terms...

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Recently, a California federal court declined to send false pricing class claims to arbitration, holding that while the retailer’s terms of service were reasonably conspicuous, the customer did not unambiguously manifest her...more

Perkins Coie

Maryland Imposes New Requirements on Businesses That Sell Digital Goods

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Key Takeaways - Maryland recently joined California in enacting new requirements that mandate clear disclosures when consumers are purchasing a license to digital goods rather than acquiring ownership. Similar legislation...more

Benesch

Protecting Your Company from the Silliest Lawsuit Not On Your Radar

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Do you sell goods or services online?  Do you have customers in California?  If so, you may be a target of claims under the “Yelp Law,” a statute residing at the intersection of good intentions and bad drafting....more

Houston Harbaugh, P.C.

Defending the Algorithm™: A Bayesian Analysis of AI Litigation and Law: Copyright and Beyond – The Expanding Legal Battleground...

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Our previous analysis of the historic $1.5 billion Anthropic settlement in Bartz v. Anthropic revealed how Judge Alsup's groundbreaking ruling established a potential bright line legal framework distinguishing between...more

Foley Hoag LLP - State AG Insights

Bipartisan Effort By State AGs Pushes Tech Companies to Take Action Against Deepfake Imagery

Key Takeaways - Massachusetts AG Andrea Campbell co-led a group of 47 state AGs in calling on technology companies to increase efforts to combat generative AI “deepfake” images, including deepfake pornography....more

Baker Donelson

Web Scraping and the Rise of Data Access Agreements: Best Practices to Regain Control of Your Data

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As the race for real-time data access intensifies, organizations are confronting a growing legal and operational challenge: web scraping. What began as a fringe tactic by hobbyists has evolved into a sophisticated,...more

Saul Ewing LLP

Eleventh Circuit Rules Consumer Must Arbitrate FCRA Suit Following Clickwrap Agreement

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How can a company ensure that its clickwrap agreements for services are worth more than just the pixels they’re displayed on? In a recent ruling from the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, the answer may be as...more

Fisher Phillips

New Class Certification Decision in App-Tracking Case Provides Critical Guidance for Businesses Facing Privacy Claims

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A California federal court just certified a significant class action involving allegations that a health-tracking app improperly shared sensitive health information with third parties without user consent. The court’s May 22...more

Fenwick & West LLP

Ninth Circuit Reinforces Stricter Standards for Online User Agreements

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On April 15, 2025, the Ninth Circuit issued a second decision in less than two months regarding the enforceability of a “sign-in wrap agreement,” which links users to a website’s terms of service....more

FBT Gibbons LLP

Clicking Has Consequences: Fourth Circuit Rules Streaming Service’s Arbitration Clause in Website Registration Is Enforceable

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Proponents of arbitration received a victory in federal court this past Tuesday when the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit issued its published decision in Dhruva v. CuriosityStream, Inc. ...more

Benesch

Navigating the Fine Print: Ninth Circuit Tightens Scrutiny on Digital Arbitration Agreements

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A recent Ninth Circuit decision, Chabolla v. ClassPass, Inc., underscores critical considerations for retailers with online Terms of Service / Use agreements, particularly regarding arbitration provisions and related consumer...more

Troutman Pepper Locke

Ninth Circuit Rejects Plaintiff’s Attempt to Contest Consolidation of Arbitration Claims

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On February 28, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed a district court’s denial of a petition to compel individual arbitration against Starz Entertainment, LLC. The court held that the plaintiff, who...more

Troutman Pepper Locke

The Top 10 Legal Risks Impacting the Value of a Consumer Product Brand

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You put in the hard work to conceive and design your product, choose a trademark, and build your customer following, but taking your product brand to the next level and attracting an equity investment based in large part on...more

Ropes & Gray LLP

DeepSeek: Legal Considerations for Enterprise Users

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DeepSeek, a Chinese artificial intelligence (“AI”) startup, recently made waves across the global AI landscape with the release of its latest open-source R1 model. While some versions of DeepSeek’s model can be downloaded and...more

BakerHostetler

Terms of Use: 10 Things You Agree to When Visiting a Website

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Every time you click on a website, you are entering into a contract – often without even realizing it. While we casually browse, download content or make online purchases, we are simultaneously agreeing to a set of terms and...more

Davis Wright Tremaine LLP

No Assent Without Affirmative Action – Challenges in Binding Former Subscribers to TOS Amendments

Two decisions from earlier this year illustrate the difficulty in enforcing terms of service (TOS) amendments against former subscribers or customers. Even when a company provides the former subscriber with notice of the TOS...more

Morrison & Foerster LLP - Social Media

Social Links: If the Suit Fits

Character Technologies has been hit with two lawsuits, including a wrongful death suit (among other claims), in less than two months over its popular Character.ai chatbot. The first was filed in the U.S. District Court for...more

Ladas & Parry LLP

Read Before Signing - Important lessons from recent court rulings involving problematic contracts.

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IN THREE COURT DECISIONS IN THE PAST SEVERAL MONTHS, two themes emerged: reading the contract before you sign and understanding the law that applies. In the first case, a court needed to decide which of two contracts...more

Fenwick & West LLP

Ninth Circuit Nixes Live Nation’s ‘Unconscionable’ Arbitration Agreement

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On October 28, 2024, the Ninth Circuit affirmed the district court’s ruling in Heckman v. Live Nation, finding Live Nation’s Ticketmaster arbitration agreement unconscionable and therefore unenforceable based on their terms...more

Sheppard Mullin Richter & Hampton LLP

New California Law Targets Sellers of Digital Goods

Introduced in response to certain digital media sellers (e.g., game publishers) revoking consumer access to purchases with little to no recourse, AB 2426 forces sellers of “digital goods,” such as movies, apps, games, books...more

Hudson Cook, LLP

CFPB Issues Order Against a Private Dispute Resolution Platform

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On October 10, 2024, the CFPB announced that it issued a stipulation and consent order against the Company to resolve allegations that the Company violated the CFPA....more

Davies Ward Phillips & Vineberg LLP

Giving Meaning to Meaningful Consent: The Federal Court of Appeal’s Landmark Decision on Data Privacy

In a recent ruling, Canada’s Federal Court of Appeal held that Facebook, Inc. (now Meta Platforms Inc.) breached its obligations under Canada's Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA) by sharing...more

Morrison & Foerster LLP - Social Media

Lose Your Illusion: District Court Holds That Unilateral Modification Clause Makes TOS Unenforceable

On August 8, 2024, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia in Lovinfosse v. Lowe’s Home Centers, LLP addressed the enforceability of an arbitration clause in Lowe’s terms of service, serving as a reminder...more

CDF Labor Law LLP

Implications of Mahram v. The Kroger Co.: A Closer Look at Arbitration Agreements

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In a recent legal dispute, Mahram v. The Kroger Co., a California Court of Appeal delivered a decision that may have implications for employment arbitration agreements. Although the case at hand involved a consumer...more

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