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Equal Protection › Constitutional Challenges › State Constitutions

The Equal Protection Clause is a section of the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution that provides that "no state shall...deny to any citizen within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the... more +
The Equal Protection Clause is a section of the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution that provides that "no state shall...deny to any citizen within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." Essentially, the Equal Protection Clause provides that the government must treat an individual the same way that it treats other individuals in the same circumstances. The 14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause applies only to state governments, but the requirements of the clause apply to the federal government through the Due Process Clause of the 5th Amendment. less -
Ogletree, Deakins, Nash, Smoak & Stewart,...

Wisconsin Court of Appeals Finds Taxpayer-Funded College Grant Program to Be Unconstitutional

Ogletree, Deakins, Nash, Smoak & Stewart,... on

On February 26, 2025, the Wisconsin Court of Appeals, District II, determined that a program that provided taxpayer-funded educational grants to financially needy students of specific racial, national origin, and ancestry...more

Holtzman Vogel Baran Torchinsky & Josefiak

Second Department Reverses Trial Court and Holds State Voting Rights Act to Be Constitutional

Holtzman Vogel Baran Torchinsky & Josefiak on

On January 30, 2025, the Appellate Division Second Department handed down a decision regarding the constitutionality of the New York State Voting Rights Act. The case, Clarke v. Town of Newburgh, concerned a challenge under...more

Offit Kurman

The Impact of Transgender Executive Order on New York Residents

Offit Kurman on

On January 20th, President Trump issued an executive order entitled “Defending Women from Gender Ideology Extremism and Restoring Biological Trust to the Federal Government.” The executive order included provisions for the...more

Quarles & Brady LLP

Wisconsin Court Strikes Down Major Portions of Act 10 Affecting Public Sector Employees’ Collective Bargaining Rights

Quarles & Brady LLP on

On December 2, 2024, a Dane County, Wisconsin Circuit Court issued a landmark decision striking down portions of 2011 Wisconsin Act 10 (“Act 10”) and thus affecting the collective bargaining rights of public sector employees...more

Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP

Assembly Bill 979, California’s Board Diversity Statute, Ruled Unconstitutional

Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP on

On May 15, 2023, the Eastern District of California ruled that California Assembly Bill No. 979 (“AB 979”) violates the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution’s Fourteenth Amendment and 42 U.S.C. § 1981. As enacted,...more

CDF Labor Law LLP

Los Angeles County Trial Court Strikes Down Another California Board Diversity Law

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Last month, on May 13, Los Angeles County Superior Court Judge Maureen Duffy-Lewis ruled that SB 826, which requires publicly held California corporations with a principal executive office in California to follow gender...more

Ogletree, Deakins, Nash, Smoak & Stewart,...

California Courts Strike Down Laws Requiring More Women and Diversity on Boards

Ogletree, Deakins, Nash, Smoak & Stewart,... on

The California courts have cast doubt on the legality of laws mandating the number of women and individuals from “underrepresented communities” on the boards of directors of publicly traded corporations based in California....more

Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP

UPDATE: California Court Says Second State Board Diversity Law Is Unconstitutional

Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP on

California courts have now struck down the second of the state’s two board diversity laws as unconstitutional.  The recent decision affects California's gender diversity requirement for certain boards of directors.  In April,...more

Mayer Brown Free Writings + Perspectives

California Board Diversity Laws Struck Down by Court

Mayer Brown Free Writings + Perspectives on

In a little over a month’s time, the Superior Court of California (the “Superior Court”) struck down both AB 979 and SB 826, California’s two board diversity statutes. SB 826 required that a public company whose principal...more

Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel LLP

Court Finds California Board Gender Diversity Statute Unconstitutional

Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel LLP on

On May 13, the Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles, issued a verdict following a bench trial that effectively struck down SB 826, a California statute requiring the boards of public corporations based in the...more

Latham & Watkins LLP

California Gender Board Diversity Law Is Held Unconstitutional

Latham & Watkins LLP on

The law suffers the same fate as the California board diversity law requiring directors from “underrepresented communities.” On May 13, 2022, Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Maureen Duffy-Lewis issued a ruling in Crest...more

Littler

Corporate Board Diversity: Next Steps for Employers After Court Strikes Down California Board Diversity Law

Littler on

On April 1, 2022, a Los Angeles County Superior Court ruled that California Assembly Bill 979—a bill designed to increase diversity and improve the persistently low number of underrepresented groups on corporate...more

Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP

California Court Rules State Board Diversity Requirement Unconstitutional — Where Do We Go From Here?

Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP on

Earlier this month, a Los Angeles County Superior Court order put the brakes on one of California’s much contested board diversity requirements, a decision certain to reverberate among the business community and efforts to...more

CDF Labor Law LLP

Judge Holds CA BOD Diversity Law Violates Equal Protection Laws

CDF Labor Law LLP on

On April 1, 2022, a Los Angeles County judge ruled that AB 979, which requires publicly held corporations with a principal executive office in California to have at least one member of the Board of Directors from an...more

Proskauer - California Employment Law

Court Declares California Law Requiring Diverse Corporate Boards Unconstitutional

Proskauer - California Employment Law on

As discussed in our previous blog, on April 1, 2022, Los Angeles Superior Court Judge, Terry Green, granted summary judgment in favor of individuals represented by D.C.-based nonprofit Judicial Watch, declaring Assembly Bill...more

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP

California’s Board Diversity Law Tossed by Judge; Other Board Diversity Efforts Continue

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP on

On April 1, 2022, Judge Terry Green of the Los Angeles Superior Court struck down California’s AB 979, which required publicly held companies based in California to have at least one board director from an “underrepresented...more

Proskauer - Corporate Defense and Disputes

Court Invalidates California Board-Diversity Statute

Proskauer - Corporate Defense and Disputes on

A California court invalidated a state law requiring that boards of directors of public companies based in California include members from under-represented groups, including persons of several races and ethnic groups and...more

Ogletree, Deakins, Nash, Smoak & Stewart,...

Long Beach ‘Hero Pay’ Ordinance Survives Preliminary Injunction

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On February 25, 2021, the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California denied a motion for preliminary injunction brought by the California Grocers Association (CGA) against the City of Long Beach. In California...more

Spilman Thomas & Battle, PLLC

COVID-19 Litigation Trends, Issue 14

Spilman Thomas & Battle, PLLC on

This 14th edition of Unprecedented, our weekly update on COVID-19-related litigation, showcases new and evolving trends. Employers are facing claims for both doing too much and too little in response to the COVID-19 pandemic....more

Franczek P.C.

Illinois Appellate Court Upholds Constitutionality of State’s Education Funding System

Franczek P.C. on

The Fifth District recently upheld the dismissal of a complaint filed by 22 Illinois school districts against Governor Pritzker and the State of Illinois challenging the constitutionality of the state’s public education...more

Nossaman LLP

COVID-19 Takings Lawsuit Filed in California

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As first reported by our good friends at inversecondemnation.com, a lawsuit has been filed in California alleging that the response by state and county agencies to the COVID-19 situation violates the state and federal...more

Epstein Becker & Green

Who’s Up Next? Now It’s Ride-Share and Delivery Companies’ Turn to File Suit Challenging California’s Controversial New...

Epstein Becker & Green on

AB 5, California’s hastily passed and controversial independent contractor statute, which codifies the use of an “ABC test,” is set to go into effect on January 1, 2020. Already, the California Trucking Association has filed...more

Bilzin Sumberg

Florida Zoning Appeals Law: Miami Beach “Ban” on Short-Term Rentals Ruled Illegal

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In recent years, online platforms like Airbnb and HomeAway have made it easier for property owners to enter into the short-term rental market, which allows property owners to generate supplemental income and defray the cost...more

Stinson LLP

Connecticut Supreme Court Holds Public School System Is Constitutionally Adequate

Stinson LLP on

On January 17, 2018, the Connecticut Supreme Court held the state's public schools provide constitutionally adequate educational opportunities to students....more

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