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McDonnell Douglas Formula

Venable LLP

Piecing Together an Employment Discrimination Claim: What the Eleventh Circuit’s “Convincing Mosaic” Standard Means for Employers

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A recent decision from the Eleventh Circuit highlights the difficulty employers will have eliminating employment discrimination or retaliation claims before trial in those jurisdictions that apply the "convincing mosaic"...more

Epstein Becker & Green

After Ames, the Third Circuit Ends New Jersey’s Background Circumstances Rule for Reverse Discrimination Claims

Epstein Becker & Green on

On March 6, 2026, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit issued a significant decision clarifying how discrimination claims brought by majority-group plaintiffs should be analyzed under the New Jersey Law Against...more

Stevens & Lee

Massey v. Borough of Bergenfield: A Reversal in Reverse Discrimination Law

Stevens & Lee on

On March 6, 2026, the Third Circuit ruled in Massey v. Borough of Bergenfield that New Jersey’s approach to claims of reverse discrimination was irrevocably undermined by the U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling in Ames v. Ohio Dep’t...more

Fisher Phillips

Appeals Court Says No Extra Hurdle for Majority-Group Plaintiffs Bringing New Jersey Discrimination Claims: 4 Steps for Employers

Fisher Phillips on

“Majority-group” plaintiffs will now have an easier time bringing employment discrimination claims under New Jersey state law. The 3rd US Circuit Court of Appeals recently tossed out New Jersey’s longstanding heightened...more

Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP

The U.S. Supreme Court Rejects the Opportunity to Overturn McDonnell Douglas

Last month, the U.S. Supreme Court declined to visit the legal soundness of McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792 (1973), a seminal decision that has outlined the burdens of proof in employment discrimination cases,...more

Phelps Dunbar

Employment Law Weekly Rundown: Three Court Rulings Raise Compliance Risks for Employers

Phelps Dunbar on

This past week brought several notable developments in employment law. The full Fifth Circuit agreed to revisit a major constitutional challenge to the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act (PWFA), raising policy and...more

McDonald Hopkins

Discussing employee retirement plans: Legal risks and considerations

McDonald Hopkins on

The Eighth District Court of Appeals in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, recently reversed a trial court’s grant of summary judgment in the age discrimination case Selzer v. Union Home Mtge. Corp., 2026-Ohio-38. ...more

Seyfarth Shaw LLP

Ismael v. Roundtree: Clarifying the Coexistence and Application of the McDonnell Douglas Pretext Analysis and the Convincing...

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The Eleventh Circuit’s recent decision Ismael v. Roundtree, No. 25-10604 (11th Cir. Dec. 5, 2025) reversed the United States District Court for the Southern District of Georgia’s grant of summary judgment in favor of...more

Constangy, Brooks, Smith & Prophete, LLP

The erosion of McDonnell Douglas: What employers should know

For decades, courts have relied on the McDonnell Douglas burden-shifting framework as the primary method for evaluating employment discrimination claims based on circumstantial evidence. As I discussed earlier this year,...more

Akerman LLP

Beyond Pretext: Why the Whole Picture Matters in Eleventh Circuit Employment Cases

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The Eleventh Circuit has further downplayed the importance of the lock-step McDonnell Douglas framework for evaluating summary judgment in employment discrimination and retaliation claims, in its latest decision in Ismael v....more

Kohrman Jackson & Krantz LLP

Sixth Circuit Reaffirms Temporal Proximity Rule In Discrimination Cases

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit recently reaffirmed that temporal proximity, the closeness in time between an employee’s protected activity and an adverse employment action, is not, by itself, enough to prove...more

Tucker Arensberg, P.C.

Supreme Court of the United States Lowers Burden of Proof for “Reverse Discrimination” Title VII Claims

Tucker Arensberg, P.C. on

Marlean Ames (“Plaintiff”), a heterosexual woman, was an employee of the Ohio Department of Youth Services (“the Department”). Ames was hired by the Department in 2004 for a secretarial position but was later promoted to...more

Ice Miller

Employee Terminations: Honesty is the Best Policy

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Terminating an employee can be one of the most consequential decisions an employer can make. The best way to mitigate risk? Honesty....more

Ballard Spahr LLP

Reverse Discrimination Lawsuits Are So Back

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On June 5, 2025, a unanimous Supreme Court eliminated the requirement for a higher evidentiary standard for majority plaintiffs (white, male, heterosexual, etc.) who claim discrimination under Title VII (also known as reverse...more

Holland & Knight LLP

U.S. Supreme Court Holds No Higher Standard for "Majority Group" Discrimination Claims

Holland & Knight LLP on

The U.S. Supreme Court issued a unanimous decision on June 5, 2025, resolving a U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit split in the matter of Ames v. Ohio Dep't. of Youth Servs., 605 U.S. ____ (2025). The Supreme Court...more

Parker Poe Adams & Bernstein LLP

Supreme Court Rejects Challenge to McDonnell Douglas Discrimination Claims Analysis

Since 1973, federal courts reviewing claims of employment discrimination have used a framework first established by the U.S. Supreme Court’s McDonnell Douglas decision. Under this framework, plaintiffs must show a prima facie...more

Davis Wright Tremaine LLP

SCOTUS Takes Up Another Case With DEI Implications

Last week, the Supreme Court accepted review of Ames v. Ohio Department of Youth Services. The court will address a circuit split regarding the standard courts apply in discrimination claims brought by majority group...more

FordHarrison

It’s about Tyne to Try Something New: The Burden of the Standard of Proof

FordHarrison on

Executive Summary - In January, the Eleventh Circuit issued a decision that likely will impact employers’ litigation strategies in discrimination cases. In Tynes v. Florida Department of Juvenile Justice, the court...more

Akerman LLP - HR Defense

New Year, Same Analysis – The Eleventh Circuit Reiterates Proper Standard for Evaluating Employment Discrimination Claims

The McDonnell Douglas burden-shifting framework used to evaluate employment discrimination claims may not be permanently cast aside, but a recent decision reminds us that it is not the only means through which employees can...more

Littler

Eleventh Circuit: McDonnell Douglas Is Not Be-All and End-All for Title VII Discrimination Claims

Littler on

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh has spoken, and employers that once relied exclusively on McDonnell Douglas might need to rethink their litigation strategy in employment-discrimination cases. On December 12,...more

Ogletree, Deakins, Nash, Smoak & Stewart,...

U.S. Virgin Islands Supreme Court Affirms Compensatory Damages Award to Former Employee Claiming Age Discrimination

On December 5, 2022, the Supreme Court of the Virgin Islands upheld a 2019 jury verdict, which found that Caribbean airline LIAT (1974), Ltd., had discharged its former area manager, William Cherubin, because of his age in...more

ArentFox Schiff

California Court of Appeal Confirms McDonnell-Douglas Burden Shifting Applies to Section 1278.5 Whistleblower Retaliation Claims

ArentFox Schiff on

In Scheer v. Regents of the University of California, the Second District Court of Appeal held that the McDonnell-Douglas burden-shifting framework applies to claims asserted pursuant to Health & Safety Code Section 1278.5....more

Littler

McDonnell Douglas Lives Another Day: A Win for Employers at the Minnesota Supreme Court

Littler on

The Minnesota Supreme Court recently reaffirmed the use of the familiar McDonnell Douglas burden-shifting framework to analyze claims of retaliation under Minnesota law, despite the ask by the plaintiff-appellant and amici to...more

Haight Brown & Bonesteel LLP

Employees No Longer Need to Satisfy McDonnell Douglas Test for Whistleblower Retaliation Claims

The California Supreme Court issued an opinion in Lawson v. PPG Architectural Finishes, Inc. (S266001, Jan. 27, 2022), addressing the Ninth Circuit’s question of the proper method for presenting and evaluating a claim of...more

K&L Gates LLP

California Supreme Court Establishes Employee-Friendly Standard for Whistleblower Retaliation Cases

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On 27 January 2022, the California Supreme Court answered a question certified to it by the Ninth Circuit: whether whistleblower claims under California Labor Code section 1102.5 are governed by the burden-shifting test for...more

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