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Employer Not Required to Guarantee Scheduling Preference as Religious Accommodation

Perhaps the most frequently requested religious accommodation under Title VII involves scheduling to avoid working certain times of the week. Employers must consider allowing accommodations to allow employees time away from...more

Religious School Does Not Have to Restrict Hiring By Faith to Claim Ministerial Exemption

In its 2012 Hosanna-Tabor decision, the U.S. Supreme Court recognized a “ministerial exemption” to employment claims brought under Title VII and the ADA. The exception allows religious employers to make what otherwise would...more

Fourth Circuit Raises Bar for Dismissal of Sexual Harassment Claims

Through the 2000s, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals (which includes North Carolina and South Carolina) had the reputation as one of the most employer-friendly U.S. appellate courts. As new judges took to the bench over the...more

Fourth Circuit Raises Bar for Early Dismissal of Equal Pay Claims

Under the federal Equal Pay Act, once a plaintiff has made a prima facie case of pay discrimination based on gender, the burden of proof shifts to the employer to demonstrate legitimate business reasons for the disparity....more

Refusal to Take Flu Vaccine Not Based on Religious Beliefs

From time to time, health care employers find themselves faced with employees who refuse to take mandatory vaccines intended to protect themselves and their patients from exposure to infectious diseases. Sometimes these...more

Ninth Circuit Agrees Minimum Wage Compliance Is Determined on Workweek Basis

The Fair Labor Standards Act requires that employees be paid a minimum wage of $7.25 per hour. In Douglas v. Xerox Business Services, LLC, the plaintiffs challenged Xerox’s variable pay system as violating these requirements....more

Lousy Internship Experience Does Not Convert It Into Paid Work

In recent years, a number of companies have faced lawsuits from unpaid interns who claim that they should have been compensated for their work. The Department of Labor considers internships to be subject to federal minimum...more

Employer Not Required to Provide Indefinite Leave for a Temporary Disability

Despite the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission’s more nuanced position, federal courts have generally rejected attempts by plaintiffs to claim that an indefinite leave of absence is a required reasonable accommodation...more

Eleventh Circuit Decision May Prompt Supreme Court to Determine Coverage of Sexual Orientation Bias Under Title VII

On July 6, the full Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals declined to hear the appeal of a case dismissing a sexual orientation bias claim under Title VII for lack of jurisdiction. This decision creates a split among the federal...more

Supreme Courts Dismissal of Transgender Discrimination Case Could Affect Employment Discrimination Claims

Earlier this month, the Trump administration withdrew the Department of Justice’s prior position that Title IX of the Civil Rights Act prohibits schools and other covered institutions from discriminating on the basis of...more

Seventh Circuit Dismissal Signals Likely End to EEOC’s Challenges to Employer-Sponsored Wellness Programs

Several years ago, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) raised employers’ eyebrows when it filed several lawsuits challenging the validity of employer-sponsored wellness programs. The EEOC contended that such...more

Fourth Circuit Says Construction General Contractor Responsible to Subcontractor's Employees for FLSA Violations

Under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) and state wage payment laws, employers are responsible for compliance with wage payment requirements. Plaintiffs cannot sue non-employers claiming overtime or minimum wage violations....more

Reverse Discrimination Protections Do Not Include Family Relationship with Alleged Racist

Title VII’s discrimination prohibitions include actions taken against white employees based on their race. Last month in an unusual, unpublished decision, the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals concluded that reverse...more

Same-Sex Harassment Not Actionable When Conduct Not Based on Gender

Employees can consider a working environment to be hostile due to sexual conduct, even when the workplace is all male or all female. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and federal courts have long held that...more

Fourth Circuit Finds Sufficient Evidence of FMLA Fraud to Defeat Interference Claim

Employees approved for unscheduled intermittent Family and Medical Leave (FMLA) can drive their employers crazy. While most such employees use the leave responsibly for true medical conditions, employers sometimes notice a...more

ADA Allows Employer to Reduce Employee to Part-Time Status After Return From Medical Leave

Here is a common human resource scenario: An employee goes out of work on medical leave. While she is away from work, the managers or co-workers who cover her duties discover that the work can be readily accomplished without...more

Permanent Light Duty Not Required Under ADA

Employers frequently offer light duty work as a means for injured employees to return to their regular job duties. Light duty is typically associated with employees with Workers’ Compensation related injuries. ...more

Computer Usage Records Not Enough to Place Employer on Notice of Unauthorized Overtime

Under the Fair Labor Standards Act, employers are liable for payment of overtime to covered employees. This requirement applies to time that is not specifically authorized by the employer if it is “suffered,” meaning that the...more

Employee's Change in Racial Self-Identification Cannot Support Discrimination Claim if Employer Unaware of Change

In recent years, more Americans have begun identifying themselves as biracial or of mixed racial heritage. This shift has resulted in changes to census and other forms where people are asked to self-identify by race. In...more

South Carolina Supreme Court Finds Employee Cannot Sue for Breach of Contract and Wrongful Discharge

As with most states, South Carolina recognizes an exception to its general employment at-will doctrine. Employers may terminate employees with or without cause, but not for any reason that violates the state’s public policy....more

Cumulative Harassment Theory Must Include Individual Claims That Meet Severe and Pervasive Threshold

Sometimes, employees believe that they have been discriminated against or harassed based on their membership in multiple protected categories. Employers often receive EEOC charges that identify race and sex, or age and...more

Second Circuit Upholds Employers' Use of Effective ADA Accommodation Over "Perfect" One Sought by Employee

Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act requires employers to provide reasonable accommodations for employees with disabilities in order for them to perform the essential functions of their jobs. Employers and...more

Fourth Circuit Affirms Dismissal of Age Discrimination Claim Despite Manager's Comments About Need to Retire

In order for a plaintiff to prove age discrimination, he/she must show that age is a “but for” reason for the termination or other employment action. In other words, but for the plaintiff’s age, the termination decision would...more

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