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Failure to Accommodate Supports Employee's Claim Even Without Adverse Action

The Americans with Disabilities Act requires employers to provide reasonable accommodations to employees with protected disabilities. Another part of the ADA requires employers to refrain from discriminating against disabled...more

Federal Appeals Court Rules Plaintiffs Must Use More Than National Criminal Statistics to Prove Racial Discrimination

According to U.S. Department of Justice statistics, Black men in the U.S. are more likely to be arrested and have criminal convictions on their records than their white counterparts. Last week, a split Second Circuit Court of...more

Second Circuit Upholds Retailer's Use of Fluctuating Workweek Pay Method

Employers faced with escalating employee overtime costs may consider implementing an alternative pay plan called the fluctuating workweek (FWW). In short, in return for paying a guaranteed salary to non-exempt employees, FWW...more

N.C. Appellate Court Rejects Claim Against Employer Over How It Reported Alleged Criminal Assault

In most situations, employers are not liable for civil claims relating to criminal conduct by their employees because such actions are deemed to be outside the course and scope of their employment. Plaintiffs can get around...more

Sixth Circuit Reminds Employers to Consider Transfers as ADA Accommodations

In order to claim discrimination under the Americans with Disabilities Act, employees must demonstrate that they could perform the essential functions of the job but were denied a reasonable accommodation. Some employers...more

A New Road Map for Disciplining Employees for Reasons Unrelated to Their Disability

Some of the most frequent questions we receive from employers involve managing the performance of employees with medical issues. While employers understand their nondiscrimination obligations under the Americans with...more

Silence on Employment Contract After Expiration Did Not Imply Renewal

Many written employment agreements contain automatic renewal provisions that apply at the end of the contract’s term if either party does not provide notice of intent not to renew. When an employment agreement is silent on...more

Ninth Circuit Finds Obesity a Protected Disability Under State Law

In recent years, a number of federal courts have drawn differing conclusions with regard to whether obesity is a protected disability under the Americans with Disabilities Act. While some courts have reached this conclusion,...more

ADA Request Must Show Connection Between Disability and Work Limitation

From time to time, we encounter requests from employees for accommodations under the Americans with Disabilities Act that appear unrelated to the employee’s underlying medical condition. For example, an employee with a back...more

Employers Cannot Shorten Time Period for Filing Suit Under Title VII

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 provides specific time limitations for filing EEOC charges and subsequent lawsuits. What happens, however, if the employer and employee agree to shorten the period of time under which...more

Occasional Use of Wrong Pronouns Does Not Create Harassment Claim for Transgender Employee

Employees who transition genders may ask their employer and co-workers to begin addressing them with names and pronouns associated with that different gender. On September 17, a federal district court in Maryland (which,...more

ADA Does Not Protect Against Fear of Future Disability

The Americans with Disabilities Act not only provides protections for disabled persons but also those “regarded as” having a disability, even if they are healthy. On September 12, the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals (which...more

Sixth Circuit Gives Employers Roadmap for Dealing With FMLA Abuse

Of all the questions we receive from employers, those involving suspected abuse of intermittent family and medical leave remain among the most frustrating and difficult to address. While only a minority of employees on...more

Seventh Circuit Says One Use of "N-Word" Insufficient for Racial Harassment Claim

In recent years, a number of federal appellant courts, including the Fourth Circuit, have issued opinions finding that a single use of a racial slur can be enough to constitute a hostile and offensive working environment...more

Prior Harassment Claims Do Not Eliminate Employer's Use of Faragher-Ellerth Defense

Under Title VII, employers are vicariously liable for incidents of sexual harassment engaged in by supervisors. In its Faragher and Ellerth decisions, the U.S. Supreme Court acknowledged a limited defense to claims of...more

Failure to Explain Inconsistency Between SSDI Application and ADA Claims Results in Dismissal

In its Cleveland v. Policy Mgmt. Syst. decision, the U.S. Supreme Court said that an application for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) benefits does not automatically kill a plaintiff’s contemporaneous assertion...more

Fourth Circuit Sets Low Bar for Discrimination Claim to Survive

An African-American employee comes into work early one day, with plans to leave earlier than originally scheduled. When he is informed that his vehicle is being serviced and is not immediately available, he blows up at the...more

Fourth Circuit Sets Low Bar for Employee to Challenge Medical Exam Requirement

According to the Americans with Disabilities Act, employers may only require employees to submit to medical exams or inquiries when there is a business necessity for determining the employee’s ability to perform the essential...more

Eighth Circuit Says ADA Does Not Require Waiving Attendance Policy

Job-protected leave continues to be the most common accommodation requested by employees under the Americans with Disabilities Act. For employers, the question remains at what point does the amount of work missed end the...more

Employer Not Required to Accommodate Employee's Inability to Wear Safety Shoes

In addition to OSHA rules, many safety-sensitive businesses use ANSI or other standards organizations’ guidelines to develop their safety programs. Earlier this month, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed dismissal of...more

Employer Prevails, But First Circuit Raises Questions Over Use of Screenshot Capturing Software

Most employers understand that with appropriate disclaimers, they have the right to monitor employee use of the company’s electronic communication systems. With that said, unhappy employees continue to attempt to use federal...more

Employer's Failure to Respond to Other Employees' Complaints Advances Harassment Claim

Under Title VII, employers are generally strictly liable for harassing conduct by supervisors. In its Faragher and Ellerth decisions, the U.S. Supreme Court developed a limited defense for employers accused of supervisor...more

Infrequent Job Tasks May Still Be ADA Essential Function

The Americans with Disabilities Act is not an affirmative action law, meaning that employers are not required to hire or continue the employment of disabled persons who cannot perform essential job functions after reasonable...more

Ability to Work Rotating Shifts Considered Essential Job Function

When a current employee develops a disabling medical condition, employers are frequently faced with Americans with Disabilities Act accommodation requests that would fundamentally alter the way that the job has been...more

North Carolina Supreme Court Requires Specific Pleadings for Trade Secret Claim

Like most states, the North Carolina Trade Secrets Protection Act prohibits individuals or businesses from misappropriating or misusing certain confidential business information belonging to someone else. However, not all...more

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